Swallow

Size

32–34 cm (wingspan)

Swallows (Hirundo rustica) are a familiar and protected species in the UK, known for their long-distance migrations and distinctive forked tails. While admired for their aerial agility and seasonal presence, their habit of nesting on buildings, particularly under eaves and in barns or outbuildings, can sometimes lead to concerns in commercial or domestic settings. However, due to their conservation status, swallows and their nests are strictly protected by law.

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Legal Protection – Swallows

Swallows and their nests are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. It is a criminal offence to:

Deliberately kill, injure, or take a swallow
Damage, destroy, or interfere with an active nest (one that is being built or is in use)
Disturb the birds while they are actively nesting

These protections apply whether the nest is occupied by eggs or chicks or simply under construction. This means that no pest control intervention may be carried out while swallows are nesting.

When Intervention Is Permitted

Although active nests cannot be removed or interfered with, preventative measures can be taken outside the nesting season, once swallows have migrated for the winter. At this time, it is legally permitted to:

Remove old, inactive nests
Install bird-proofing measures, such as netting, wires, or physical barriers to discourage return nesting

All prevention work must be done after the birds have left, typically in late summer or early autumn. These measures help reduce the likelihood of swallows returning to the same nesting site in the following season.

Common Problems Associated with Swallows

While swallows themselves do not pose a health risk, their nesting can lead to:

Droppings around entrances, walkways, or stock areas
Mess and staining on building surfaces
Increased maintenance for cleaning and hygiene in commercial or food-handling settings

Despite these issues, swallows play an important ecological role and are beneficial insect predators. Their presence is seasonal and temporary, typically from April to September in the UK.

Prevention – Swallows

Once the breeding season has ended and the nests are no longer in use, it is possible to carry out lawful and humane prevention work. This may include:

Installing bird netting or mesh to block access to regular nesting areas
Fitting physical barriers like spikes or sloped panels beneath eaves or rafters
Removing old nests to reduce the likelihood of reuse

All work must be carefully timed and carried out with full awareness of legal protections. Swallow prevention is a long-term strategy that focuses on discouraging nesting rather than removing birds during the season.

Professional Support – Swallows

If you’re dealing with ongoing swallow nesting issues at your home or business, Pest Solutions can help. We offer seasonal inspections, professional advice, and bird-proofing services timed appropriately to comply with UK wildlife laws.

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Swallow FAQ

Common Swallow Control Questions & Tips

No matter what pest you may have an issue or wish to protect your home or business against, Pest Solutions are here to help.

Are Swallows considered pest birds in the UK?
Swallows are not typically considered pest birds in the UK, but their nesting habits can cause problems in certain settings. They often build mud nests on buildings, particularly under eaves or inside barns, which can lead to mess from droppings and damaged surfaces. In such instances, they can be considered as pest birds.
Is it legal to remove Swallow nests in the UK?
No, it is illegal to remove or destroy Swallow nests in the UK while they are in use or being built. Swallows are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which makes it an offence to disturb their nests during the breeding season. If removal is necessary, it must be done outside of the nesting period and ideally under guidance from a licensed professional.
How can I stop Swallows from nesting on my property in the UK?
To prevent Swallows from nesting on your property, install deterrents such as anti-roosting spikes or bird netting, before the breeding season begins. It’s essential to take preventive action before they start building nests.